>> >> Mali

City List

Search for your next freelancer or independent contractor by city from Mali country. Upfreelance.com searches the Internet for software developers, Internet developers, website designers, marketing consultants and sales and marketing that are available to work on your project.
Mali
(CONTAIN DESCRIPTION)
CLICK MAP TO ENLARGE
Introduction ::Mali
Background:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
The Sudanese Republic and Senegal became independent of France in 1960 as the Mali Federation. When Senegal withdrew after only a few months, what formerly made up the Sudanese Republic was renamed Mali. Rule by dictatorship was brought to a close in 1991 by a military coup that ushered in a period of democratic rule. President Alpha KONARE won Mali's first two democratic presidential elections in 1992 and 1997. In keeping with Mali's two-term constitutional limit, he stepped down in 2002 and was succeeded by Amadou TOURE, who was elected to a second term in 2007 elections that were widely judged to be free and fair. Malian returnees from Libya in 2011 exacerbated tensions in northern Mali, and Tuareg ethnic militias started a rebellion in January 2012. Low-mid level soldiers, frustrated with the poor handling of the rebellion overthrew TOURE on 22 March. Intensive mediation efforts led by the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) returned power to a civilian administration in April with the appointment of interim President Dioncounda TRAORE. The post-coup chaos led to rebels expelling the Malian military from the three northern regions of the country and allowed Islamic militants to set up strongholds. Hundreds of thousands of northern Malians fled the violence to southern Mali and neighboring countries, exacerbating regional food insecurity in host communities. A military intervention to retake the three northern regions began in January 2013 and within a month most of the north had been retaken. Democratic elections are scheduled for mid-2013.
Back to Top
Geography ::Mali
Location:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
interior Western Africa, southwest of Algeria, north of Guinea, Cote d'Ivoire, and Burkina Faso, west of Niger
Geographic coordinates:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
17 00 N, 4 00 W
Map references:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Africa
Area:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
total: 1,240,192 sq km
country comparison to the world: 24
land: 1,220,190 sq km
water: 20,002 sq km
Area - comparative:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
slightly less than twice the size of Texas
Land boundaries:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
total: 7,243 km
border countries: Algeria 1,376 km, Burkina Faso 1,000 km, Guinea 858 km, Cote d'Ivoire 532 km, Mauritania 2,237 km, Niger 821 km, Senegal 419 km
Coastline:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0 km (landlocked)
Maritime claims:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
none (landlocked)
Climate:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
subtropical to arid; hot and dry (February to June); rainy, humid, and mild (June to November); cool and dry (November to February)
Terrain:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
mostly flat to rolling northern plains covered by sand; savanna in south, rugged hills in northeast
Elevation extremes:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
lowest point: Senegal River 23 m
highest point: Hombori Tondo 1,155 m
Natural resources:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
gold, phosphates, kaolin, salt, limestone, uranium, gypsum, granite, hydropower
note: bauxite, iron ore, manganese, tin, and copper deposits are known but not exploited
Land use:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
arable land: 5.53%
permanent crops: 0.1%
other: 94.37% (2011)
Irrigated land:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
2,358 sq km (2003)
Total renewable water resources:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
100 cu km (2011)
Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
total: 6.546 cu km/yr (9%/1%/90%)
per capita: 545.4 cu m/yr (2000)
Natural hazards:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
hot, dust-laden harmattan haze common during dry seasons; recurring droughts; occasional Niger River flooding
Environment - current issues:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
deforestation; soil erosion; desertification; inadequate supplies of potable water; poaching
Environment - international agreements:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Geography - note:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
landlocked; divided into three natural zones: the southern, cultivated Sudanese; the central, semiarid Sahelian; and the northern, arid Saharan
Back to Top
People and Society ::Mali
Nationality:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
noun: Malian(s)
adjective: Malian
Ethnic groups:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Mande 50% (Bambara, Malinke, Soninke), Peul 17%, Voltaic 12%, Songhai 6%, Tuareg and Moor 10%, other 5%
Languages:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
French (official), Bambara 46.3%, Peul/foulfoulbe 9.4%, Dogon 7.2%, Maraka/soninke 6.4%, Malinke 5.6%, Sonrhai/djerma 5.6%, Minianka 4.3%, Tamacheq 3.5%, Senoufo 2.6%, unspecified 0.6%, other 8.5%
Religions:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Muslim 94.8%, Christian 2.4%, Animist 2%, none 0.5%, unspecified 0.3% (2009 Census)
Population:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
15,968,882 (July 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 66
Age structure:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0-14 years: 47.7% (male 3,824,877/female 3,794,196)
15-24 years: 19% (male 1,439,032/female 1,587,072)
25-54 years: 26.6% (male 1,980,766/female 2,270,676)
55-64 years: 3.7% (male 297,365/female 295,495)
65 years and over: 3% (male 240,681/female 238,722) (2013 est.)
population pyramid:
Median age:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
total: 16.4 years
male: 16 years
female: 16.7 years (2012 est.)
Population growth rate:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
3.02% (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 11
Birth rate:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
46.6 births/1,000 population (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 2
Death rate:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
13.9 deaths/1,000 population (July 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 13
Net migration rate:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
-5.08 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 192
Urbanization:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
urban population: 36% of total population (2010)
rate of urbanization: 4.4% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)
Major cities - population:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
BAMAKO (capital) 1.628 million (2009)
Sex ratio:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.91 male(s)/female
total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2011 est.)
Maternal mortality rate:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
540 deaths/100,000 live births (2010)
country comparison to the world: 16
Infant mortality rate:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
total: 108.7 deaths/1,000 live births
country comparison to the world: 2
male: 115.5 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 101.7 deaths/1,000 live births (2012 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
total population: 53.06 years
country comparison to the world: 207
male: 51.43 years
female: 54.73 years (2012 est.)
Total fertility rate:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
6.25 children born/woman (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 2
Health expenditures:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
5% of GDP (2010)
country comparison to the world: 141
Physicians density:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0.049 physicians/1,000 population (2008)
Hospital bed density:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0.1 beds/1,000 population (2010)
Drinking water source:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
improved:
urban: 87% of population
rural: 51% of population
total: 64% of population
unimproved:
urban: 13% of population
rural: 49% of population
total: 36% of population (2010 est.)
Sanitation facility access:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
improved:
urban: 35% of population
rural: 14% of population
total: 22% of population
unimproved:
urban: 65% of population
rural: 86% of population
total: 78% of population (2010 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
1% (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 47
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
76,000 (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 47
HIV/AIDS - deaths:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
4,400 (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 41
Major infectious diseases:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
degree of risk: very high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
vectorborne disease: malaria
water contact disease: schistosomiasis
respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis (2009)
Children under the age of 5 years underweight:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
27.9% (2006)
country comparison to the world: 22
Education expenditures:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
4.8% of GDP (2011)
country comparison to the world: 82
Literacy:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 27.7%
male: 36.1%
female: 19.8% (2009 census)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
total: 8 years
male: 9 years
female: 7 years (2009)
Back to Top
Government ::Mali
Country name:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
conventional long form: Republic of Mali
conventional short form: Mali
local long form: Republique de Mali
local short form: Mali
former: French Sudan and Sudanese Republic
Government type:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
republic
Capital:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
name: Bamako
geographic coordinates: 12 39 N, 8 00 W
time difference: UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Administrative divisions:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
8 regions (regions, singular - region), 1 district*; District de Bamako*, Gao, Kayes, Kidal, Koulikoro, Mopti, Segou, Sikasso, Tombouctou (Timbuktu)
Independence:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
22 September 1960 (from France)
National holiday:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Independence Day, 22 September (1960)
Constitution:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
adopted 12 January 1992
Legal system:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
civil law system based on the French civil law model and influenced by customary law; judicial review of legislative acts in Constitutional Court
International law organization participation:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
Suffrage:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
18 years of age; universal
Executive branch:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
chief of state: [Interim] President Dioncounda TRAORE (since 12 April 2012)
note: in the aftermath of the March 2012 coup, deposed President TOURE, in a brokered deal, resigned to facilitate the naming of an interim president and transition back toward democratic rule
head of government: [Interim] Prime Minister Django CISSOKO (since 11 December 2012)
cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister
(For more information visit the World Leaders website Opens in New Window)
elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 29 April 2007 (election scheduled for 29 April 2012 delayed indefinitely following the military coup); prime minister appointed by the president
election results: Amadou Toumani TOURE reelected president; percent of vote - Amadou Toumani TOURE 71.2%, Ibrahim Boubacar KEITA 19.2%, other 9.6%
Legislative branch:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (147 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held on 1 and 22 July 2007 (July 2012 scheduled election indefinitely delayed after the military coup)
election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - ADP coalition 113 (ADEMA 51, URD 34, MPR 8, CNID 7, UDD 3, and other 10), FDR coalition 15 (RPM 11, PARENA 4), SADI 4, independent 15
Judicial branch:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Supreme Court or Cour Supreme
Political parties and leaders:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
African Solidarity for Democracy and Independence or SADI [Oumar MARIKO, secretary general]; Alliance for Democracy or ADEMA [Diounconda TRAORE]; Alliance for Democracy and Progress or ADP (a coalition of political parties including ADEMA and URD formed in December 2006 to support the presidential candidacy of Amadou TOURE); Alliance for Democratic Change (political group comprised mainly of Tuareg from Mali's northern region); Convergence 2007 [Soumeylou Boubeye MAIGA]; Convergence for the development of Mali or CODEM [Housseyni GUINDO]; Front for Democracy and the Republic or FDR (a coalition of political parties including RPM and PARENA formed to oppose the presidential candidacy of Amadou TOURE); National Congress for Democratic Initiative or CNID [Mountaga TALL]; Party for Democracy and Progress or PDP [Mady KONATE]; Party for National Renewal or PARENA [Tiebile DRAME]; Patriotic Movement for Renewal or MPR [Choguel MAIGA]; Rally for Democracy and Labor or RDT [Amadou Ali NIANGADOU]; Rally for Mali or RPM [Ibrahim Boubacar KEITA]; Sudanese Union/African Democratic Rally or US/RDA [Mamadou Basir GOLOGO]; Union for Democracy and Development or UDD [Moussa Balla COULIBALY]; Union for Republic and Democracy or URD [Soumaila CISSE]
Political pressure groups and leaders:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
other: the army; Islamic authorities; state-run cotton company CMDT
International organization participation:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
ACP, AfDB, AU, CD, ECOWAS, EITI (compliant country), FAO, FZ, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MONUSCO, NAM, OIC, OIF, OPCW, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNWTO, UPU, WADB (regional), WAEMU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Diplomatic representation in the US:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
chief of mission: Ambassador Al Maamoun Baba Lamine KEITA
chancery: 2130 R Street NW, Washington, DC 20008
telephone: [1] (202) 332-2249, 939-8950
FAX: [1] (202) 332-6603
Diplomatic representation from the US:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
chief of mission: Ambassador Mary Beth LEONARD
embassy: located just off the Roi Bin Fahad Aziz Bridge just west of the Bamako central district
mailing address: ACI 2000, Rue 243, Porte 297, Bamako
telephone: [223] 2070-2300
FAX: [223] 2070-2479
Flag description:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), yellow, and red
note: uses the popular Pan-African colors of Ethiopia; the colors from left to right are the same as those of neighboring Senegal (which has an additional green central star) and the reverse of those on the flag of neighboring Guinea
National anthem:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
name: "Le Mali" (Mali)
lyrics/music: Seydou Badian KOUYATE/Banzoumana SISSOKO
note: adopted 1962; the anthem is also known as "Pour L'Afrique et pour toi, Mali" (For Africa and for You, Mali) and "A ton appel Mali" (At Your Call, Mali)
Back to Top
Economy ::Mali
Economy - overview:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Among the 25 poorest countries in the world, Mali is a landlocked country highly dependent on gold mining and agricultural exports for revenue. The country's fiscal status fluctuates with gold and agricultural commodity prices and the harvest. Mali remains dependent on foreign aid. Economic activity is largely confined to the riverine area irrigated by the Niger River and about 65% of its land area is desert or semidesert. About 10% of the population is nomadic and about 80% of the labor force is engaged in farming and fishing. Industrial activity is concentrated on processing farm commodities. The government in 2011 completed an IMF extended credit facility program that has helped the economy grow, diversify, and attract foreign investment. Mali is developing its cotton and iron ore extraction industries to diversify foreign exchange revenue away from gold. Mali has invested in tourism but security issues are hurting the industry. Mali experienced economic growth of about 5% per year between 1996-2010, but the global recession and a military coup caused a decline in output in 2012. The interim government slashed public spending in the context of a declining state of security and declining international aid.
GDP (purchasing power parity):
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$17.35 billion (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 137
$18.17 billion (2011 est.)
$17.69 billion (2010 est.)
note: data are in 2012 US dollars
GDP (official exchange rate):
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$9.603 billion (2012 est.)
GDP - real growth rate:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
-4.5% (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 215
2.7% (2011 est.)
5.8% (2010 est.)
GDP - per capita (PPP):
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$1,100 (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 214
$1,100 (2011 est.)
$1,200 (2010 est.)
note: data are in 2012 US dollars
GDP - composition by sector:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
agriculture: 36.9%
industry: 23.4%
services: 39.7% (2012 est.)
Labor force:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
3.241 million (2007 est.)
country comparison to the world: 101
Labor force - by occupation:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
agriculture: 80%
industry and services: 20% (2005 est.)
Unemployment rate:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
30% (2004 est.)
country comparison to the world: 181
Population below poverty line:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
36.1% (2005 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
lowest 10%: 3.5%
highest 10%: 25.8% (2010 est.)
Distribution of family income - Gini index:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
40.1 (2001)
country comparison to the world: 59
50.5 (1994)
Budget:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
revenues: $1.391 billion
expenditures: $2.107 billion (2012 est.)
Taxes and other revenues:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
14.5% of GDP (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 190
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-):
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
-7.5% of GDP (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 190
Public debt:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
23.2% of GDP (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 124
23.3% of GDP (2011 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
6.5% (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 170
2.9% (2011 est.)
Central bank discount rate:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
16% (31 December 2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 90
4.25% (31 December 2009 est.)
Commercial bank prime lending rate:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
9.3% (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 103
9% (31 December 2011 est.)
Stock of narrow money:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$2.382 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 122
$2.156 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
Stock of broad money:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$3.401 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 141
$2.929 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
Stock of domestic credit:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$1.938 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 139
$1.669 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
Market value of publicly traded shares:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$NA
Agriculture - products:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
cotton, millet, rice, corn, vegetables, peanuts; cattle, sheep, goats
Industries:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
food processing; construction; phosphate and gold mining
Industrial production growth rate:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
NA%
Current account balance:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
-$1.421 billion (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 123
-$1.301 billion (2011 est.)
Exports:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$2.557 billion (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 137
$2.453 billion (2011 est.)
Exports - commodities:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
cotton, gold, livestock
Exports - partners:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
China 31%, South Korea 14.5%, Indonesia 12.2%, Thailand 6.3%, Malaysia 5.4%, Bangladesh 5% (2011)
Imports:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$3.209 billion (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 146
$3.026 billion (2011 est.)
Imports - commodities:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
petroleum, machinery and equipment, construction materials, foodstuffs, textiles
Imports - partners:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Senegal 14.9%, France 11.6%, China 8.2%, Cote dIvoire 6.3% (2011)
Debt - external:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$2.725 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 134
$2.652 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$2.556 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 91
$2.351 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$77.44 million (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 85
$48 million (31 December 2011 est.)
Exchange rates:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XOF) per US dollar -
514.1 (2012 est.)
471.87 (2011 est.)
495.28 (2010 est.)
472.19 (2009)
447.81 (2008)
Fiscal year:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
calendar year
Back to Top
Energy ::Mali
Electricity - production:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
520 million kWh (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 161
Electricity - consumption:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
483.6 million kWh (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 169
Electricity - exports:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0 kWh (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 101
Electricity - imports:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0 kWh (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 212
Electricity - installed generating capacity:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
304,000 kW (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 149
Electricity - from fossil fuels:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
48.4% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 159
Electricity - from nuclear fuels:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 138
Electricity - from hydroelectric plants:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
51.6% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 40
Electricity - from other renewable sources:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 159
Crude oil - production:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0 bbl/day (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 166
Crude oil - exports:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0 bbl/day (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 152
Crude oil - imports:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0 bbl/day (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 96
Crude oil - proved reserves:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0 bbl (1 January 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 165
Refined petroleum products - production:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0 bbl/day (2008 est.)
country comparison to the world: 175
Refined petroleum products - consumption:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
4,994 bbl/day (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 170
Refined petroleum products - exports:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0 bbl/day (2008 est.)
country comparison to the world: 201
Refined petroleum products - imports:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
4,568 bbl/day (2008 est.)
country comparison to the world: 160
Natural gas - production:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0 cu m (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 166
Natural gas - consumption:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0 cu m (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 172
Natural gas - exports:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0 cu m (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 145
Natural gas - imports:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0 cu m (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 97
Natural gas - proved reserves:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0 cu m (1 January 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 170
Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
893,700 Mt (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 169
Back to Top
Communications ::Mali
Telephones - main lines in use:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
104,700 (2011)
country comparison to the world: 145
Telephones - mobile cellular:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
10.822 million (2011)
country comparison to the world: 70
Telephone system:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
general assessment: domestic system unreliable but improving; increasing use of local radio loops to extend network coverage to remote areas
domestic: fixed-line subscribership remains less than 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular subscribership has increased sharply to about 70 per 100 persons
international: country code - 223; satellite communications center and fiber-optic links to neighboring countries; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean, 1 Indian Ocean) (2010)
Broadcast media:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
national public TV broadcaster; 2 privately owned companies provide subscription services to foreign multi-channel TV packages; national public radio broadcaster supplemented by a large number of privately owned and community broadcast stations; transmissions of multiple international broadcasters are available (2007)
Internet country code:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
.ml
Internet hosts:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
437 (2012)
country comparison to the world: 187
Internet users:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
249,800 (2009)
country comparison to the world: 135
Back to Top
Transportation ::Mali
Airports:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
21 (2012)
country comparison to the world: 135
Airports - with paved runways:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
total: 8
2,438 to 3,047 m: 5
1,524 to 2,437 m: 2
914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2012)
Airports - with unpaved runways:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
total: 13
1,524 to 2,437 m: 4
914 to 1,523 m: 6
under 914 m: 3 (2012)
Railways:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
total: 593 km
country comparison to the world: 109
narrow gauge: 593 km 1.000-m gauge (2008)
Roadways:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
total: 18,912 km
country comparison to the world: 113
paved: 3,597 km
unpaved: 15,315 km (2004)
Waterways:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
1,800 km (downstream of Koulikoro; low water levels on the River Niger cause problems in dry years; in the months before the rainy season the river is not navigable by commercial vessels) (2011)
country comparison to the world: 44
Ports and terminals:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Koulikoro
Back to Top
Military ::Mali
Military branches:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Malian Armed Forces: Army (Armee de Terre), Republic of Mali Air Force (Force Aerienne de la Republique du Mali, FARM), National Guard (Garde National du Mali) (2008)
Military service age and obligation:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
18 years of age for selective compulsory and voluntary military service; conscript service obligation - 2 years (2010)
Manpower available for military service:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
males age 16-49: 2,848,412
females age 16-49: 2,981,106 (2010 est.)
Manpower fit for military service:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
males age 16-49: 1,825,779
females age 16-49: 1,968,563 (2010 est.)
Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
male: 158,031
female: 159,733 (2010 est.)
Military expenditures:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
1.3% of GDP (2012)
country comparison to the world: 113
Back to Top
Transnational Issues ::Mali
Disputes - international:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
demarcation is underway with Burkina Faso
Refugees and internally displaced persons:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
refugees (country of origin): 12,442 (Mauritania) (2011)
IDPs: 228,918 (Tuareg rebellion since 2012) (2013)
Trafficking in persons:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
current situation: Mali is a source, transit, and destination country for men, women, and children subjected to forced labor and sex trafficking; women and girls are forced into domestic servitude, agricultural labor, and support roles in gold mines, as well as subjected to sex trafficking; Malian boys are found in conditions of forced labor in agricultural settings, gold mines, and the informal commercial sector, as well as forced begging both within mali and neighboring countries; Malians and other Africans who travel through Mali to Mauritania, Algeria, or Libya, in hopes of reaching Europe are particularly at risk of becoming victims of human trafficking; men and boys, primarily of Songhai ethnicity, are subjected to the longstanding practice of debt bondage in the salt mines of Taoudenni in northern Mali; some members of Mali's black Tamachek community are subjected to traditional slavery-related practices, and this involuntary servitude reportedly has extended to their children
tier rating: Tier 2 - the Government of Mali does not fully comply with the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking; however, it is making significant efforts to do so; the government acknowledged that human trafficking is a problem in Mali, but it did not demonstrate significant efforts to prosecute and convict trafficking offenders; Mali was not placed on Tier 3 because the government has a written plan that, if implemented, would constitute making significant efforts to bring itself into compliance with the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking and is devoting sufficient resources to implement that plan (2012)
Back to Top