>> >> Panama

City List

Search for your next freelancer or independent contractor by city from Panama country. Upfreelance.com searches the Internet for software developers, Internet developers, website designers, marketing consultants and sales and marketing that are available to work on your project.
Panama
(CONTAIN DESCRIPTION)
CLICK MAP TO ENLARGE
Introduction ::Panama
Background:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Explored and settled by the Spanish in the 16th century, Panama broke with Spain in 1821 and joined a union of Colombia, Ecuador, and Venezuela - named the Republic of Gran Colombia. When the latter dissolved in 1830, Panama remained part of Colombia. With US backing, Panama seceded from Colombia in 1903 and promptly signed a treaty with the US allowing for the construction of a canal and US sovereignty over a strip of land on either side of the structure (the Panama Canal Zone). The Panama Canal was built by the US Army Corps of Engineers between 1904 and 1914. In 1977, an agreement was signed for the complete transfer of the Canal from the US to Panama by the end of the century. Certain portions of the Zone and increasing responsibility over the Canal were turned over in the subsequent decades. With US help, dictator Manuel NORIEGA was deposed in 1989. The entire Panama Canal, the area supporting the Canal, and remaining US military bases were transferred to Panama by the end of 1999. In October 2006, Panamanians approved an ambitious plan (estimated to cost $5.3 billion) to expand the Canal. The project, which began in 2007 and could double the Canal's capacity, is expected to be completed in 2015.
Back to Top
Geography ::Panama
Location:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Central America, bordering both the Caribbean Sea and the North Pacific Ocean, between Colombia and Costa Rica
Geographic coordinates:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
9 00 N, 80 00 W
Map references:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Central America and the Caribbean
Area:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
total: 75,420 sq km
country comparison to the world: 118
land: 74,340 sq km
water: 1,080 sq km
Area - comparative:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
slightly smaller than South Carolina
Land boundaries:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
total: 555 km
border countries: Colombia 225 km, Costa Rica 330 km
Coastline:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
2,490 km
Maritime claims:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
territorial sea: 12 nm
contiguous zone: 24 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm or edge of continental margin
Climate:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
tropical maritime; hot, humid, cloudy; prolonged rainy season (May to January), short dry season (January to May)
Terrain:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
interior mostly steep, rugged mountains and dissected, upland plains; coastal areas largely plains and rolling hills
Elevation extremes:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: Volcan Baru 3,475 m
Natural resources:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
copper, mahogany forests, shrimp, hydropower
Land use:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
arable land: 7.16%
permanent crops: 2.51%
other: 90.33% (2011)
Irrigated land:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
346.2 sq km (2003)
Total renewable water resources:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
148 cu km (2011)
Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
total: 0.909 cu km/yr (27%/2%/71%)
per capita: 296.1 cu m/yr (2005)
Natural hazards:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
occasional severe storms and forest fires in the Darien area
Environment - current issues:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
water pollution from agricultural runoff threatens fishery resources; deforestation of tropical rain forest; land degradation and soil erosion threatens siltation of Panama Canal; air pollution in urban areas; mining threatens natural resources
Environment - international agreements:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: Marine Life Conservation
Geography - note:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
strategic location on eastern end of isthmus forming land bridge connecting North and South America; controls Panama Canal that links North Atlantic Ocean via Caribbean Sea with North Pacific Ocean
Back to Top
People and Society ::Panama
Nationality:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
noun: Panamanian(s)
adjective: Panamanian
Ethnic groups:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
mestizo (mixed Amerindian and white) 70%, Amerindian and mixed (West Indian) 14%, white 10%, Amerindian 6%
Languages:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Spanish (official), English 14%
note: many Panamanians are bilingual
Religions:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Roman Catholic 85%, Protestant 15%
Demographic profile:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Panama is a country of demographic and economic contrasts. It is in the midst of a demographic transition, characterized by steadily declining rates of fertility, mortality, and population growth, but disparities persist based on wealth, geography, and ethnicity. Panama has one of the fastest growing economies in Latin America and dedicates substantial funding to social programs, yet poverty and inequality remain prevalent. The indigenous population accounts for a growing share of Panama's poor and extreme poor, while the non-indigenous rural poor have been more successful at rising out of poverty through rural-to-urban labor migration. The government's large expenditures on untargeted, indirect subsidies for water, electricity, and fuel have been ineffective, but its conditional cash transfer program has shown some promise in helping to decrease extreme poverty among the indigenous population.
Panama has expanded access to education and clean water, but the availability of sanitation and, to a lesser extent, electricity remains poor. The increase in secondary schooling - led by female enrollment - is spreading to rural and indigenous areas, which probably will help to alleviate poverty if educational quality and the availability of skilled jobs improve. Inadequate access to sanitation contributes to a high incidence of diarrhea in Panama's children, which is one of the main causes of Panama's elevated chronic malnutrition rate, especially among indigenous communities.
Population:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
3,559,408 (July 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 131
Age structure:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0-14 years: 27.7% (male 503,633/female 483,145)
15-24 years: 17.4% (male 315,918/female 304,056)
25-54 years: 40% (male 721,225/female 703,459)
55-64 years: 7.3% (male 127,743/female 130,899)
65 years and over: 7.6% (male 124,409/female 144,921) (2013 est.)
population pyramid:
Median age:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
total: 27.8 years
male: 27.4 years
female: 28.2 years (2012 est.)
Population growth rate:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
1.41% (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 88
Birth rate:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
19.17 births/1,000 population (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 95
Death rate:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
4.69 deaths/1,000 population (July 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 197
Net migration rate:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
-0.38 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 136
Urbanization:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
urban population: 75% of total population (2010)
rate of urbanization: 2.3% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)
Major cities - population:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
PANAMA CITY (capital) 1.346 million (2009)
Sex ratio:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.86 male(s)/female
total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2011 est.)
Maternal mortality rate:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
92 deaths/100,000 live births (2010)
country comparison to the world: 79
Infant mortality rate:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
total: 11.32 deaths/1,000 live births
country comparison to the world: 137
male: 12.09 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 10.52 deaths/1,000 live births (2012 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
total population: 77.96 years
country comparison to the world: 57
male: 75.18 years
female: 80.86 years (2012 est.)
Total fertility rate:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
2.4 children born/woman (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 86
Health expenditures:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
8.1% of GDP (2010)
country comparison to the world: 56
Physicians density:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
1.5 physicians/1,000 population (2000)
Hospital bed density:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
2.2 beds/1,000 population (2009)
Drinking water source:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
improved:
urban: 97% of population
rural: 83% of population
total: 93% of population
unimproved:
urban: 3% of population
rural: 17% of population
total: 7% of population (2008 est.)
Sanitation facility access:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
improved:
urban: 75% of population
rural: 51% of population
total: 69% of population
unimproved:
urban: 25% of population
rural: 49% of population
total: 31% of population (2008 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0.9% (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 52
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
20,000 (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 78
HIV/AIDS - deaths:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
1,500 (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 60
Major infectious diseases:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
degree of risk: intermediate
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea
vectorborne disease: dengue fever and malaria (2009)
Children under the age of 5 years underweight:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
3.9% (2008)
country comparison to the world: 97
Education expenditures:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
4.1% of GDP (2011)
country comparison to the world: 107
Literacy:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 91.9%
male: 92.5%
female: 91.2% (2000 census)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
total: 13 years
male: 13 years
female: 14 years (2008)
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
total: 14.9%
country comparison to the world: 77
male: 11.7%
female: 21.1% (2008)
Back to Top
Government ::Panama
Country name:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
conventional long form: Republic of Panama
conventional short form: Panama
local long form: Republica de Panama
local short form: Panama
Government type:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
constitutional democracy
Capital:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
name: Panama City
geographic coordinates: 8 58 N, 79 32 W
time difference: UTC-5 (same time as Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Administrative divisions:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
9 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia) and 3 indigenous territories* (comarcas); Bocas del Toro, Chiriqui, Cocle, Colon, Darien, Embera-Wounaan*, Herrera, Kuna Yala*, Los Santos, Ngobe-Bugle*, Panama, Veraguas
Independence:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
3 November 1903 (from Colombia; became independent from Spain on 28 November 1821)
National holiday:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Independence Day, 3 November (1903)
Constitution:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
11 October 1972; revised several times
Legal system:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court of Justice
International law organization participation:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
Suffrage:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
18 years of age; universal and compulsory
Executive branch:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
chief of state: President Ricardo MARTINELLI Berrocal (since 1 July 2009); Vice President Juan Carlos VARELA (since 1 July 2009); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
head of government: President Ricardo MARTINELLI Berrocal (since 1 July 2009); Vice President Juan Carlos VARELA (since 1 July 2009)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president
(For more information visit the World Leaders website Opens in New Window)
elections: president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for five-year terms (president not eligible for immediate reelection and must sit out two additional terms (10 years) before becoming eligible for reelection); election last held on 3 May 2009 (next to be held in May 2014)
election results: Ricardo MARTINELLI Berrocal elected president; percent of vote - Ricardo MARTINELLI Berrocal 60%, Balbina HERRERA 38%, Guillermo ENDARA Galimany 2%
note: the ruling government coalition - formerly comprised of CD (Democratic Change), Panamenista Party, MOLIRENA (Nationalist Republican Liberal Movement), and UP (Patriotic Union Party) - split in August 2011 when MARTINELLI relieved Vice President VARELA from his position as Foreign Minister prompting the Panamenistas to pull out of the coalition; UP has now merged with CD, and CD and the Panamenista Party will now run separate candidates for the presidency in 2014
Legislative branch:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
unicameral National Assembly or Asamblea Nacional (71 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held on 3 May 2009 (next to be held in May 2014)
election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PRD 26, Panamenista 22, CD 14, UP 4, MOLIRENA 2, PP 1, independents 2; note - changes in political affiliation now reflect the following seat distribution: as of 13 February 2013 - seats by party - CD 36, PRD 13, Panamenista 9, MOLIRENA 4, PP 1
note: legislators from outlying rural districts are chosen on a plurality basis while districts located in more populous towns and cities elect multiple legislators by means of a proportion-based formula
Judicial branch:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Supreme Court of Justice or Corte Suprema de Justicia (nine judges appointed for staggered 10-year terms); five superior courts; three courts of appeal
Political parties and leaders:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Democratic Change or CD [Ricardo MARTINELLI]; Democratic Revolutionary Party or PRD [Juan Carlos NAVARRO Quelquejeu]; Nationalist Republican Liberal Movement or MOLIRENA [Sergio GONZALEZ-Ruiz]; Panamenista Party [Juan Carlos VARELA Rodriguez] (formerly the Arnulfista Party); Popular Party or PP [Milton HENRIQUEZ] (formerly Christian Democratic Party or PDC)
note: The Patriotic Union Party (UP) has merged with Democratic Change (CD)
Political pressure groups and leaders:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Chamber of Commerce; Concertacion Nacional (mechanism for government of Panama to formally dialogue with representatives of civil society); National Council of Organized Workers or CONATO; National Council of Private Enterprise or CONEP; National Union of Construction and Similar Workers (SUNTRACS); Panamanian Association of Business Executives or APEDE; Panamanian Industrialists Society or SIP; Workers Confederation of the Republic of Panama or CTRP
International organization participation:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
BCIE, CAN (observer), CD, CELAC, CSN (observer), FAO, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAES, LAIA, MIGA, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, SICA, UN, UNASUR (observer), UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Diplomatic representation in the US:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
chief of mission: Ambassador Mario Ernesto JARAMILLO Castillo
chancery: 2862 McGill Terrace NW, Washington, DC 20008
telephone: [1] (202) 483-1407
FAX: [1] (202) 483-8413
consulate(s) general: Honolulu, Houston, Miami, New Orleans, New York, Philadelphia, San Diego, Tampa
consulate(s): Tampa
Diplomatic representation from the US:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
chief of mission: Ambassador Jonathan D. FARRAR
embassy: Edificio 783, Avenida Demetrio Basilio Lakas Panama, Apartado Postal 0816-02561, Zona 5, Panama City
mailing address: American Embassy Panama, Unit 0945, APO AA 34002; American Embassy Panama, 9100 Panama City PL, Washington, DC 20521-9100
telephone: [507] 317-5000
FAX: [507] 317-5568
Flag description:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
divided into four, equal rectangles; the top quadrants are white (hoist side) with a blue five-pointed star in the center and plain red; the bottom quadrants are plain blue (hoist side) and white with a red five-pointed star in the center; the blue and red colors are those of the main political parties (Conservatives and Liberals respectively) and the white denotes peace between them; the blue star stands for the civic virtues of purity and honesty, the red star signifies authority and law
National symbol(s):
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
harpy eagle
National anthem:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
name: "Himno Istemno" (Isthmus Hymn)
lyrics/music: Jeronimo DE LA OSSA/Santos A. JORGE
note: adopted 1925
Back to Top
Economy ::Panama
Economy - overview:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Panama's dollar-based economy rests primarily on a well-developed services sector that accounts for more than three-quarters of GDP. Services include operating the Panama Canal, logistics, banking, the Colon Free Zone, insurance, container ports, flagship registry, and tourism. Economic growth will be bolstered by the Panama Canal expansion project that began in 2007 and is estimated to be completed by 2015 at a cost of $5.3 billion - about 10-15% of current GDP. The expansion project will more than double the Canal's capacity, enabling it to accommodate ships that are too large to traverse the existing canal. The United States and China are the top users of the Canal. Panama is also constructing a metro system in Panama City, valued at $1.2 billion and scheduled to be completed by 2014. Panama's booming transportation and logistics services sectors, along with aggressive infrastructure development projects, have lead the economy to continued high growth in 2012. Foreign investment, at around 10% of GDP in both 2011 and 2012, has continued to be a source of growth. Strong economic performance has not translated into broadly shared prosperity, as Panama has the second worst income distribution in Latin America. About 30% of the population lives in poverty; however, from 2006 to 2012 poverty was reduced by 10 percentage points, while unemployment dropped from 12% to 4.4% of the labor force in 2012. The US-Panama Trade Promotion Agreement was approved by Congress and signed into law in October 2011, and entered into force in October 2012. Panama also achieved removal from the Organization of Economic Development's gray-list of tax havens by signing various double taxation treaties with other nations.
GDP (purchasing power parity):
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$56.83 billion (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 91
$51.43 billion (2011 est.)
$46.51 billion (2010 est.)
note: data are in 2012 US dollars
GDP (official exchange rate):
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$34.82 billion (2012 est.)
GDP - real growth rate:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
10.5% (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 7
10.6% (2011 est.)
7.6% (2010 est.)
GDP - per capita (PPP):
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$15,300 (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 89
$14,300 (2011 est.)
$13,200 (2010 est.)
note: data are in 2012 US dollars
GDP - composition by sector:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
agriculture: 3.8%
industry: 16.8%
services: 79.4% (2012 est.)
Labor force:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
1.509 million
country comparison to the world: 130
note: shortage of skilled labor, but an oversupply of unskilled labor (2012 est.)
Labor force - by occupation:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
agriculture: 17%
industry: 18.6%
services: 64.4% (2009 est.)
Unemployment rate:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
4.4% (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 39
4.5% (2011 est.)
Population below poverty line:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
26% (2012 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
lowest 10%: 1.1%
highest 10%: 40.1% (2010 est.)
Distribution of family income - Gini index:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
51.9 (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 16
56.1 (2003)
Investment (gross fixed):
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
30.1% of GDP (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 21
Budget:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
revenues: $9.219 billion
expenditures: $10.21 billion (2012 est.)
Taxes and other revenues:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
26.5% of GDP (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 113
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-):
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
-2.9% of GDP (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 104
Public debt:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
41% of GDP (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 88
44% of GDP (2011 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
6.1% (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 161
5.9% (2011 est.)
Commercial bank prime lending rate:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
6.6% (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 129
6.91% (31 December 2011 est.)
Stock of narrow money:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$7.488 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 87
$6.107 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
Stock of broad money:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$29.72 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 77
$25.73 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
Stock of domestic credit:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$31.47 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 71
$28.1 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
Market value of publicly traded shares:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$10.68 billion (31 December 2011)
country comparison to the world: 71
$10.92 billion (31 December 2010)
$8.048 billion (31 December 2009)
Agriculture - products:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
bananas, rice, corn, coffee, sugarcane, vegetables; livestock; shrimp
Industries:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
construction, brewing, cement and other construction materials, sugar milling
Industrial production growth rate:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
10.9% (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 7
Current account balance:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
-$4.191 billion (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 159
-$3.892 billion (2011 est.)
Exports:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$17.97 billion (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 76
$16.93 billion (2011 est.)
note: includes the Colon Free Zone
Exports - commodities:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
gold, bananas, shrimp, sugar, iron and steel waste, pineapples, watermelons
Exports - partners:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
US 13.1%, South Korea 12.5%, Honduras 10.2%, Japan 9.3%, India 7%, Canada 4.4%, Mexico 4.2% (2011)
Imports:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$24.04 billion (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 70
$22.95 billion (2011 est.)
note: includes the Colon Free Zone
Imports - commodities:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
fuel products, medicines, vehicles, iron and steel rods, cellular phones
Imports - partners:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Japan 23.5%, China 23%, Singapore 18.1%, US 13%, South Korea 6% (2011)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$3.314 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 105
$2.315 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
Debt - external:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$14.2 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 85
$12.9 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$NA
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$NA
Exchange rates:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
balboas (PAB) per US dollar -
1 (2012 est.)
1 (2011 est.)
1 (2010 est.)
1 (2009)
1 (2008)
Fiscal year:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
calendar year
Back to Top
Energy ::Panama
Electricity - production:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
6.546 billion kWh (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 107
Electricity - consumption:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
5.805 billion kWh (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 107
Electricity - exports:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
39 million kWh (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 79
Electricity - imports:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
71 million kWh (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 99
Electricity - installed generating capacity:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
1.815 million kW (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 106
Electricity - from fossil fuels:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
51.6% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 154
Electricity - from nuclear fuels:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 161
Electricity - from hydroelectric plants:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
48.4% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 44
Electricity - from other renewable sources:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 175
Crude oil - production:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0 bbl/day (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 178
Crude oil - exports:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0 bbl/day (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 168
Crude oil - imports:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0 bbl/day (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 112
Crude oil - proved reserves:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0 bbl (1 January 2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 177
Refined petroleum products - production:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0 bbl/day (2008 est.)
country comparison to the world: 188
Refined petroleum products - consumption:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
98,890 bbl/day (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 79
Refined petroleum products - exports:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0 bbl/day (2008 est.)
country comparison to the world: 125
Refined petroleum products - imports:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
46,370 bbl/day (2008 est.)
country comparison to the world: 72
Natural gas - production:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0 cu m (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 180
Natural gas - consumption:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0 cu m (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 186
Natural gas - exports:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0 cu m (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 162
Natural gas - imports:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0 cu m (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 117
Natural gas - proved reserves:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0 cu m (1 January 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 183
Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
15.46 million Mt (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 89
Back to Top
Communications ::Panama
Telephones - main lines in use:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
560,200 (2011)
country comparison to the world: 93
Telephones - mobile cellular:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
6.735 million (2011)
country comparison to the world: 95
Telephone system:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
general assessment: domestic and international facilities well-developed
domestic: mobile-cellular telephone subscribership has increased rapidly
international: country code - 507; landing point for the Americas Region Caribbean Ring System (ARCOS-1), the MAYA-1, and PAN-AM submarine cable systems that together provide links to the US and parts of the Caribbean, Central America, and South America; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); connected to the Central American Microwave System (2011)
Broadcast media:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
multiple privately owned TV networks and a government-owned educational TV station; multi-channel cable and satellite TV subscription services are available; more than 100 commercial radio stations (2007)
Internet country code:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
.pa
Internet hosts:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
11,022 (2012)
country comparison to the world: 132
Internet users:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
959,800 (2009)
country comparison to the world: 104
Back to Top
Transportation ::Panama
Airports:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
118 (2012)
country comparison to the world: 48
Airports - with paved runways:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
total: 55
over 3,047 m: 1
2,438 to 3,047 m: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 5
914 to 1,523 m: 18
under 914 m: 30 (2012)
Airports - with unpaved runways:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
total: 63
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1
914 to 1,523 m: 11
under 914 m: 51 (2012)
Heliports:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
3 (2012)
Pipelines:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
oil 128 km (2010)
Railways:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
total: 76 km
country comparison to the world: 127
standard gauge: 76 km 1.435-m gauge (2008)
Roadways:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
total: 11,978 km
country comparison to the world: 130
paved: 4,300 km
unpaved: 7,678 km (2002)
Waterways:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
800 km (includes the 82-km Panama Canal that is being widened) (2011)
country comparison to the world: 73
Merchant marine:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
total: 6,413
country comparison to the world: 1
by type: barge carrier 1, bulk carrier 2,525, cargo 1,115, carrier 27, chemical tanker 588, combination ore/oil 1, container 742, liquefied gas 205, passenger 42, passenger/cargo 51, petroleum tanker 545, refrigerated cargo 191, roll on/roll off 87, specialized tanker 3, vehicle carrier 290
foreign-owned: 5,162 (Albania 4, Argentina 5, Australia 4, Bahamas 6, Bangladesh 5, Belgium 1, Bermuda 27, Brazil 3, Bulgaria 6, Burma 3, Canada 6, Chile 14, China 534, Colombia 2, Croatia 2, Cuba 2, Cyprus 5, Denmark 41, Ecuador 3, Egypt 11, Finland 2, France 7, Gabon 1, Germany 24, Gibraltar 1, Greece 379, Hong Kong 144, India 24, Indonesia 10, Iran 5, Ireland 1, Israel 1, Italy 25, Japan 2372, Jordan 11, Kuwait 12, Lebanon 2, Lithuania 3, Luxembourg 1, Malaysia 12, Maldives 2, Malta 2, Mexico 5, Monaco 11, Netherlands 6, Nigeria 6, Norway 81, Oman 10, Pakistan 3, Peru 9, Philippines 5, Portugal 10, Qatar 1, Romania 3, Russia 49, Saudi Arabia 11, Singapore 92, South Korea 373, Spain 30, Sweden 2, Switzerland 15, Syria 34, Taiwan 328, Tanzania 2, Thailand 6, Turkey 62, UAE 83, UK 37, UK 5, Ukraine 8, US 90, Venezuela 13, Vietnam 43, Yemen 4)
registered in other countries: 1 (Honduras 1) (2010)
Ports and terminals:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Balboa, Colon, Cristobal
Back to Top
Military ::Panama
Military branches:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
no regular military forces; Panamanian Public Security Forces (subordinate to the Ministry of Public Security), comprising the National Police (PNP), National Air-Naval Service (SENAN), National Border Service (SENAFRONT) (2013)
Manpower available for military service:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
males age 16-49: 890,006 (2010 est.)
Manpower fit for military service:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
males age 16-49: 731,254
females age 16-49: 728,329 (2010 est.)
Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
male: 32,142
female: 30,879 (2010 est.)
Military expenditures:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
1% of GDP (2012)
country comparison to the world: 128
Military - note:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
on 10 February 1990, the government of then President ENDARA abolished Panama's military and reformed the security apparatus by creating the Panamanian Public Forces; in October 1994, Panama's Legislative Assembly approved a constitutional amendment prohibiting the creation of a standing military force but allowing the temporary establishment of special police units to counter acts of "external aggression"
Back to Top
Transnational Issues ::Panama
Disputes - international:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
organized illegal narcotics operations in Colombia operate within the remote border region with Panama
Refugees and internally displaced persons:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
refugees (country of origin): 15,598 (Colombia) (2011)
Illicit drugs:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
major cocaine transshipment point and primary money-laundering center for narcotics revenue; money-laundering activity is especially heavy in the Colon Free Zone; offshore financial center; negligible signs of coca cultivation; monitoring of financial transactions is improving; official corruption remains a major problem
Back to Top