>> >> Rwanda

City List

Search for your next freelancer or independent contractor by city from Rwanda country. Upfreelance.com searches the Internet for software developers, Internet developers, website designers, marketing consultants and sales and marketing that are available to work on your project.
Rwanda
(CONTAIN DESCRIPTION)
CLICK MAP TO ENLARGE
Introduction ::Rwanda
Background:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
In 1959, three years before independence from Belgium, the majority ethnic group, the Hutus, overthrew the ruling Tutsi king. Over the next several years, thousands of Tutsis were killed, and some 150,000 driven into exile in neighboring countries. The children of these exiles later formed a rebel group, the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF), and began a civil war in 1990. The war, along with several political and economic upheavals, exacerbated ethnic tensions, culminating in April 1994 in a state-orchestrated genocide, in which Rwandans killed up to a million of their fellow citizens, including approximately three-quarters of the Tutsi population. The genocide ended later that same year when the predominantly Tutsi RPF, operating out of Uganda and northern Rwanda, defeated the national army and Hutu militias, and established an RPF-led government of national unity. Approximately 2 million Hutu refugees - many fearing Tutsi retribution - fled to neighboring Burundi, Tanzania, Uganda, and former Zaire. Since then, most of the refugees have returned to Rwanda, but several thousand remained in the neighboring Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC, the former Zaire) and formed an extremist insurgency bent on retaking Rwanda, much as the RPF did in 1990. Rwanda held its first local elections in 1999 and its first post-genocide presidential and legislative elections in 2003. Rwanda in 2009 staged a joint military operation with the Congolese Army in DRC to rout out the Hutu extremist insurgency there, and Kigali and Kinshasa restored diplomatic relations. Rwanda also joined the Commonwealth in late 2009.
Back to Top
Geography ::Rwanda
Location:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Central Africa, east of Democratic Republic of the Congo
Geographic coordinates:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
2 00 S, 30 00 E
Map references:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Africa
Area:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
total: 26,338 sq km
country comparison to the world: 149
land: 24,668 sq km
water: 1,670 sq km
Area - comparative:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
slightly smaller than Maryland
Land boundaries:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
total: 893 km
border countries: Burundi 290 km, Democratic Republic of the Congo 217 km, Tanzania 217 km, Uganda 169 km
Coastline:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0 km (landlocked)
Maritime claims:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
none (landlocked)
Climate:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
temperate; two rainy seasons (February to April, November to January); mild in mountains with frost and snow possible
Terrain:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
mostly grassy uplands and hills; relief is mountainous with altitude declining from west to east
Elevation extremes:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
lowest point: Rusizi River 950 m
highest point: Volcan Karisimbi 4,519 m
Natural resources:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
gold, cassiterite (tin ore), wolframite (tungsten ore), methane, hydropower, arable land
Land use:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
arable land: 46.32%
permanent crops: 9.49%
other: 44.19% (2011)
Irrigated land:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
96.25 sq km (2007)
Total renewable water resources:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
9.5 cu km (2011)
Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
total: 0.15 cu km/yr (33%/11%/55%)
per capita: 17.25 cu m/yr (2005)
Natural hazards:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
periodic droughts; the volcanic Virunga mountains are in the northwest along the border with Democratic Republic of the Congo
volcanism: Visoke (elev. 3,711 m), located on the border with the Democratic Republic of the Congo, is the country's only historically active volcano
Environment - current issues:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
deforestation results from uncontrolled cutting of trees for fuel; overgrazing; soil exhaustion; soil erosion; widespread poaching
Environment - international agreements:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea
Geography - note:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
landlocked; most of the country is savanna grassland with the population predominantly rural
Back to Top
People and Society ::Rwanda
Nationality:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
noun: Rwandan(s)
adjective: Rwandan
Ethnic groups:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Hutu (Bantu) 84%, Tutsi (Hamitic) 15%, Twa (Pygmy) 1%
Languages:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Kinyarwanda (official, universal Bantu vernacular), French (official), English (official), Kiswahili (Swahili, used in commercial centers)
Religions:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Roman Catholic 56.5%, Protestant 26%, Adventist 11.1%, Muslim 4.6%, indigenous beliefs 0.1%, none 1.7% (2001)
Population:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
12,012,589 (July 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 73
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality, higher death rates, lower population growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected
Age structure:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0-14 years: 42.3% (male 2,561,999/female 2,521,530)
15-24 years: 19.1% (male 1,142,985/female 1,145,500)
25-54 years: 32.2% (male 1,943,017/female 1,929,924)
55-64 years: 3.9% (male 219,111/female 254,064)
65 years and over: 2.5% (male 119,086/female 175,373) (2013 est.)
population pyramid:
Median age:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
total: 18.8 years
male: 18.6 years
female: 19.1 years (2012 est.)
Population growth rate:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
2.751% (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 19
Birth rate:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
36.14 births/1,000 population (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 24
Death rate:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
9.64 deaths/1,000 population (July 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 55
Net migration rate:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
1 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 54
Urbanization:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
urban population: 19% of total population (2010)
rate of urbanization: 4.4% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)
Major cities - population:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
KIGALI (capital) 909,000 (2009)
Sex ratio:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.67 male(s)/female
total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2011 est.)
Maternal mortality rate:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
340 deaths/100,000 live births (2010)
country comparison to the world: 34
Infant mortality rate:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
total: 62.51 deaths/1,000 live births
country comparison to the world: 24
male: 66.09 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 58.83 deaths/1,000 live births (2012 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
total population: 58.44 years
country comparison to the world: 193
male: 56.96 years
female: 59.96 years (2012 est.)
Total fertility rate:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
4.71 children born/woman (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 26
Health expenditures:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
10.5% of GDP (2010)
country comparison to the world: 25
Physicians density:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0.024 physicians/1,000 population (2005)
Hospital bed density:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
1.6 beds/1,000 population (2007)
Drinking water source:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
improved:
urban: 76% of population
rural: 63% of population
total: 65% of population
unimproved:
urban: 24% of population
rural: 37% of population
total: 35% of population (2010 est.)
Sanitation facility access:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
improved:
urban: 52% of population
rural: 56% of population
total: 55% of population
unimproved:
urban: 48% of population
rural: 44% of population
total: 45% of population (2010 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
2.9% (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 25
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
170,000 (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 31
HIV/AIDS - deaths:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
4,100 (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 43
Major infectious diseases:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
degree of risk: very high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
vectorborne disease: malaria
animal contact disease: rabies (2009)
Children under the age of 5 years underweight:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
11.7% (2011)
country comparison to the world: 62
Education expenditures:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
4.8% of GDP (2011)
country comparison to the world: 81
Literacy:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 71.1%
male: 74.8%
female: 67.5% (2010 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
total: 11 years
male: 11 years
female: 11 years (2009)
People - note:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Rwanda is the most densely populated country in Africa
Back to Top
Government ::Rwanda
Country name:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
conventional long form: Republic of Rwanda
conventional short form: Rwanda
local long form: Republika y'u Rwanda
local short form: Rwanda
former: Ruanda, German East Africa
Government type:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
republic; presidential, multiparty system
Capital:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
name: Kigali
geographic coordinates: 1 57 S, 30 03 E
time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Administrative divisions:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
4 provinces (in French - provinces, singular - province; in Kinyarwanda - intara for singular and plural) and 1 city* (in French - ville; in Kinyarwanda - umujyi); Est (Eastern), Kigali*, Nord (Northern), Ouest (Western), Sud (Southern)
Independence:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
1 July 1962 (from Belgium-administered UN trusteeship)
National holiday:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Independence Day, 1 July (1962)
Constitution:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
constitution passed by referendum 26 May 2003
Legal system:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
mixed legal system of civil law, based on German and Belgian models, and customary law; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court
International law organization participation:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt
Suffrage:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
18 years of age; universal
Executive branch:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
chief of state: President Paul KAGAME (since 22 April 2000)
head of government: Prime Minister Pierre Damien HABUMUREMYI (since 7 October 2011)
cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president
(For more information visit the World Leaders website Opens in New Window)
elections: President elected by popular vote for a seven-year term (eligible for a second term); elections last held on 9 August 2010 (next to be held in 2017)
election results: Paul KAGAME elected to a second term as president; Paul KAGAME 93.1%, Jean NTAWUKURIRYAYO 5.1%, Prosper HIGIRO 1.4%, Alvera MUKABAR 0.4%
Legislative branch:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
bicameral Parliament consists of Senate (26 seats; 12 members elected by local councils, 8 appointed by the president, 4 appointed by the Political Organizations Forum, 2 represent institutions of higher learning; members to serve eight-year terms) and Chamber of Deputies (80 seats; 53 members elected by popular vote, 24 women elected by local bodies, 3 selected by youth and disability organizations; members to serve five-year terms)
elections: Senate - NA; Chamber of Deputies - last held on 15 September 2008 (next to be held in September 2013)
election results: percent of vote by party - RPF 78.8%, PSD 13.1%, PL 7.5%; seats by party - RPF 42, PSD 7, PL 4, additional 27 members indirectly elected
Judicial branch:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Supreme Court; High Courts of the Republic; Provincial Courts; District Courts; mediation committees
Political parties and leaders:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Centrist Democratic Party or PDC [Agnes MUKABARANGA]; Democratic Popular Union of Rwanda or UDPR [Gonzague RWIGEMA]; Democratic Republican Movement or MDR [Celestin KABANDA] (officially banned); Islamic Democratic Party or PDI [Musa Fazil HARERIMANA]; Liberal Party or PL [Protais MITALI]; Party for Democratic Renewal (officially banned); Party for Progress and Concord or PPC [Alvera MUKABARAMBA]; Rwandan Patriotic Front or RPF [Paul KAGAME]; Rwandan Socialist Party or PSR [Jean Baptist RUCIBIGANGO]; Social Democratic Party or PSD [Vincent BIRUTA]; Socialist Party-Imberakuri or PS-Imberakuri [Christine MUKABUNANI]; Solidarity and Prosperity Party or PSP [Pheobe KANYANGE]
Political pressure groups and leaders:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
IBUKA (association of genocide survivors)
International organization participation:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
ACP, AfDB, AU, C, CEPGL, COMESA, EAC, EADB, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, OIF, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNMISS, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Diplomatic representation in the US:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
chief of mission: Ambassador James KIMONYO
chancery: 1714 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20009
telephone: [1] (202) 232-2882
FAX: [1] (202) 232-4544
Diplomatic representation from the US:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
chief of mission: Ambassador Donald W. KORAN
embassy: 2657 Avenue de la Gendarmerie, Kigali
mailing address: B. P. 28, Kigali
telephone: [250] 596-400
FAX: [250] 596-591
Flag description:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
three horizontal bands of sky blue (top, double width), yellow, and green, with a golden sun with 24 rays near the fly end of the blue band; blue represents happiness and peace, yellow economic development and mineral wealth, green hope of prosperity and natural resources; the sun symbolizes unity, as well as enlightenment and transparency from ignorance
National anthem:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
name: "Rwanda nziza" (Rwanda, Our Beautiful Country)
lyrics/music: Faustin MURIGO/Jean-Bosco HASHAKAIMANA
note: adopted 2001
Back to Top
Economy ::Rwanda
Economy - overview:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Rwanda is a poor rural country with about 90% of the population engaged in (mainly subsistence) agriculture and some mineral and agro-processing. Tourism, minerals, coffee and tea are Rwanda's main sources of foreign exchange. Minerals exports declined 40% in 2009-10 due to the global economic downturn. The 1994 genocide decimated Rwanda's fragile economic base, severely impoverished the population, particularly women, and temporarily stalled the country's ability to attract private and external investment. However, Rwanda has made substantial progress in stabilizing and rehabilitating its economy to pre-1994 levels. GDP has rebounded with an average annual growth of 7%-8% since 2003 and inflation has been reduced to single digits. Nonetheless, a significant percent of the population still live below the official poverty line. Despite Rwanda's fertile ecosystem, food production often does not keep pace with demand, requiring food imports. Rwanda continues to receive substantial aid money and obtained IMF-World Bank Heavily Indebted Poor Country (HIPC) initiative debt relief in 2005-06. In recognition of Rwanda's successful management of its macro economy, in 2010, the IMF graduated Rwanda to a Policy Support Instrument (PSI). Rwanda also received a Millennium Challenge Threshold Program in 2008. Africa's most densely populated country is trying to overcome the limitations of its small, landlocked economy by leveraging regional trade. Rwanda joined the East African Community and is aligning its budget, trade, and immigration policies with its regional partners. The government has embraced an expansionary fiscal policy to reduce poverty by improving education, infrastructure, and foreign and domestic investment and pursuing market-oriented reforms. Energy shortages, instability in neighboring states, and lack of adequate transportation linkages to other countries continue to handicap private sector growth. The Rwandan government is seeking to become regional leader in information and communication technologies. In 2010, Rwanda neared completion of the first modern Special Economic Zone (SEZ) in Kigali. The SEZ seeks to attract investment in all sectors, but specifically in agribusiness, information and communications technologies, trade and logistics, mining, and construction. The global downturn hurt export demand and tourism, but economic growth has recovered, driven in large part by the services sector, but inflation has grown. On the back of this growth, government is gradually ending its fiscal stimulus policy while protecting aid to the poor.
GDP (purchasing power parity):
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$14.91 billion (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 141
$13.84 billion (2011 est.)
$12.75 billion (2010 est.)
note: data are in 2012 US dollars
GDP (official exchange rate):
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$6.95 billion (2012 est.)
GDP - real growth rate:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
7.7% (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 20
8.6% (2011 est.)
7.2% (2010 est.)
GDP - per capita (PPP):
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$1,400 (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 203
$1,400 (2011 est.)
$1,300 (2010 est.)
note: data are in 2012 US dollars
GDP - composition by sector:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
agriculture: 33.3%
industry: 13.9%
services: 52.9% (2012 est.)
Labor force:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
4.446 million (2007)
country comparison to the world: 85
Labor force - by occupation:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
agriculture: 90%
industry and services: 10% (2000)
Unemployment rate:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
NA%
Population below poverty line:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
44.9% (2011 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
lowest 10%: 2.1%
highest 10%: 43.2% (2011 est.)
Distribution of family income - Gini index:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
46.8 (2000)
country comparison to the world: 32
28.9 (1985)
Investment (gross fixed):
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
22.1% of GDP (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 71
Budget:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
revenues: $1.788 billion
expenditures: $1.911 billion (2012 est.)
Taxes and other revenues:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
25.7% of GDP (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 119
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-):
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
-1.8% of GDP (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 80
Public debt:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
21.8% of GDP (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 127
24.5% of GDP (2011 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
8.5% (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 187
4.9% (2011 est.)
Central bank discount rate:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
7.75% (31 December 2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 20
11.25% (31 December 2008)
Commercial bank prime lending rate:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
17.5% (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 27
17.4% (31 December 2011 est.)
Stock of narrow money:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$673.2 million (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 156
$593.2 million (31 December 2011 est.)
Stock of broad money:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$1.536 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 157
$1.324 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
Stock of domestic credit:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$711 million (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 164
$612.9 million (31 December 2011 est.)
Market value of publicly traded shares:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$NA
Agriculture - products:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
coffee, tea, pyrethrum (insecticide made from chrysanthemums), bananas, beans, sorghum, potatoes; livestock
Industries:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
cement, agricultural products, small-scale beverages, soap, furniture, shoes, plastic goods, textiles, cigarettes
Industrial production growth rate:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
7.5% (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 33
Current account balance:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
-$657.8 million (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 102
-$692.2 million (2011 est.)
Exports:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$358.1 million (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 178
$372.6 million (2011 est.)
Exports - commodities:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
coffee, tea, hides, tin ore
Exports - partners:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Kenya 28%, Malaysia 15.5%, China 12.6%, Democratic Republic of the Congo 11.2%, US 5.2%, Swaziland 4.5% (2011)
Imports:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$1.414 billion (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 172
$1.368 billion (2011 est.)
Imports - commodities:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
foodstuffs, machinery and equipment, steel, petroleum products, cement and construction material
Imports - partners:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Kenya 18.3%, Uganda 16.5%, US 10.5%, UAE 8.9%, China 5.8%, Tanzania 5.3% (2011)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$1.198 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 131
$1.05 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
Debt - external:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$937.2 million (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 159
$907.3 million (31 December 2011 est.)
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$591.9 million (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 96
$507.3 million (31 December 2011 est.)
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$13 million (31 December 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 88
$13 million (31 December 2011 est.)
Exchange rates:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Rwandan francs (RWF) per US dollar -
624.8 (2012 est.)
601.83 (2011 est.)
583.13 (2010 est.)
568.18 (2009)
550 (2008)
Fiscal year:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
calendar year
Back to Top
Energy ::Rwanda
Electricity - production:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
240.2 million kWh (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 177
Electricity - consumption:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
301.4 million kWh (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 174
Electricity - exports:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
2 million kWh (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 85
Electricity - imports:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
80 million kWh (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 96
Electricity - installed generating capacity:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
56,250 kW (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 180
Electricity - from fossil fuels:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
53.3% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 150
Electricity - from nuclear fuels:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 169
Electricity - from hydroelectric plants:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
46.2% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 46
Electricity - from other renewable sources:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0.4% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 79
Crude oil - production:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0 bbl/day (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 181
Crude oil - exports:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0 bbl/day (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 175
Crude oil - imports:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0 bbl/day (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 115
Crude oil - proved reserves:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0 bbl (1 January 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 180
Refined petroleum products - production:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0 bbl/day (2008 est.)
country comparison to the world: 190
Refined petroleum products - consumption:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
5,245 bbl/day (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 167
Refined petroleum products - exports:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0 bbl/day (2008 est.)
country comparison to the world: 127
Refined petroleum products - imports:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
5,125 bbl/day (2008 est.)
country comparison to the world: 156
Natural gas - production:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0 cu m (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 184
Natural gas - consumption:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0 cu m (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 188
Natural gas - exports:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0 cu m (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 170
Natural gas - imports:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0 cu m (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 122
Natural gas - proved reserves:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
56.63 billion cu m (1 January 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 65
Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
869,400 Mt (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 170
Back to Top
Communications ::Rwanda
Telephones - main lines in use:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
38,900 (2011)
country comparison to the world: 167
Telephones - mobile cellular:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
4.446 million (2011)
country comparison to the world: 112
Telephone system:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
general assessment: small, inadequate telephone system primarily serves business, education, and government
domestic: the capital, Kigali, is connected to the centers of the provinces by microwave radio relay and, recently, by cellular telephone service; much of the network depends on wire and HF radiotelephone; combined fixed-line and mobile-cellular telephone density has increased and now exceeds 40 telephones per 100 persons
international: country code - 250; international connections employ microwave radio relay to neighboring countries and satellite communications to more distant countries; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) in Kigali (includes telex and telefax service) (2010)
Broadcast media:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
government owns and operates the only TV station; government-owned and operated Radio Rwanda has a national reach; 9 private radio stations; transmissions of multiple international broadcasters are available (2007)
Internet country code:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
.rw
Internet hosts:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
1,447 (2012)
country comparison to the world: 168
Internet users:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
450,000 (2009)
country comparison to the world: 118
Back to Top
Transportation ::Rwanda
Airports:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
7 (2012)
country comparison to the world: 167
Airports - with paved runways:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
total: 4
over 3,047 m: 1
914 to 1,523 m: 2
under 914 m: 1 (2012)
Airports - with unpaved runways:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
total: 3
914 to 1,523 m: 2
under 914 m: 1 (2012)
Roadways:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
total: 14,008 km
country comparison to the world: 126
paved: 2,662 km
unpaved: 11,346 km (2004)
Waterways:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
(Lac Kivu navigable by shallow-draft barges and native craft) (2011)
Ports and terminals:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Cyangugu, Gisenyi, Kibuye
Back to Top
Military ::Rwanda
Military branches:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Rwanda Defense Force (RDF): Rwanda Army (Rwanda Land Force), Rwanda Air Force (2012)
Military service age and obligation:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
18 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription; Rwandan citizenship is required, as is a 9th grade education for enlisted recruits and an A-level certificate for officer candidates; enlistment is either as contract (5-years, renewable twice) or career; retirement (for officers and senior NCOs) after 20 years of service or at 40-60 years of age) (2012)
Manpower available for military service:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
males age 16-49: 2,625,917
females age 16-49: 2,608,110 (2010 est.)
Manpower fit for military service:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
males age 16-49: 1,685,066
females age 16-49: 1,749,580 (2010 est.)
Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
male: 110,736
female: 110,328 (2010 est.)
Military expenditures:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
1.3% of GDP (2012)
country comparison to the world: 108
Back to Top
Transnational Issues ::Rwanda
Disputes - international:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Burundi and Rwanda dispute two sq km (0.8 sq mi) of Sabanerwa, a farmed area in the Rukurazi Valley where the Akanyaru/Kanyaru River shifted its course southward after heavy rains in 1965; fighting among ethnic groups - loosely associated political rebels, armed gangs, and various government forces in Great Lakes region transcending the boundaries of Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DROC), Rwanda, and Uganda - abated substantially from a decade ago due largely to UN peacekeeping, international mediation, and efforts by local governments to create civil societies; nonetheless, 57,000 Rwandan refugees still reside in 21 African states, including Zambia, Gabon, and 20,000 who fled to Burundi in 2005 and 2006 to escape drought and recriminations from traditional courts investigating the 1994 massacres; the 2005 DROC and Rwanda border verification mechanism to stem rebel actions on both sides of the border remains in place
Refugees and internally displaced persons:
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
refugees (country of origin): 57,641 (Democratic Republic of the Congo) (2012)
IDPs: undetermined (fighting between government and insurgency in 1998-99; returning refugees) (2012)
Back to Top